Mitigating Cadmium Toxicity: Role of Caffeine in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant that causes severe health issues. Many studies have proposed antioxidant foods to combat Cd toxicity. One such antioxidant agent is caffeine, and hence, this study investigated its effects. Aim: To investigate the effect of caffeine as an antioxidant agent against Cd toxicity. Methods: Twelve male albino mice were divided into three groups of four: Group 1: Administered 1 ml of saline orally for 7 days and injected with 1 ml of saline subcutaneously (S/C) on the eighth day. Group 2: Patients were orally administered 1 ml of saline for 7 days and injected with 1-ml of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) S/C on the eighth day. Group 3: Administered 1 ml of caffeine orally for seven days and injected with CdCl2 S/C on the eighth day. Results: Results showed that caffeine can reduce Cd-induced testicular hemorrhage, lung injury, and kidney injury. Additionally, caffeine was found to significantly reduce the Cd-induced inflammatory response in lung-associated lymphoid tissue. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the daily intake of caffeine could protect against Cd toxicity.