Subjective well-being of older persons in Malaysia

The rapid aging of Malaysia's population is a critical social phenomenon that warrants an in-depth investigation. Understanding the subjective well-being (SWB) of older persons is crucial for sound policymaking in aging societies. The existing literature emphasizes the importance of including noneconomic factors to understand one's well-being holistically. The current study uses data from the Malaysia Ageing and Retirement Survey (MARS) to investigate the satisfaction with their lives using arrays of variables, including demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, living arrangements, social engagement, and health. The analysis revealed that the SWB increases with age after the age of 40 until approximately 77.5 years old. The results showed that some factors influence SWB of older persons differently by living arrangements and gender. A negative association was found between being employed and SWB of older male persons living alone and between participating in family activities and SWB of older female persons living alone, as those activities could increase distress in their lives. Social activities such as social outing were found to enhance SWB of older persons. For those living with a spouse only, having difficulties with ADL negatively affects the SWB. The findings of this study underscore the importance of catering to older persons with different living arrangements and genders to ensure the most effective and efficient support for older persons in Malaysia.