Metabolic Syndrome and Its Effect the Prognosis of Sudden Hearing Loss: A Clinical Study

Background: Although it is not always possible to detect the specific etiology in all cases of sudden hearing loss (SHL), different etiopathogenesis mechanisms, such as vascular causes, have been proposed to explain the etiology. There are many studies examining the relationship between SHL and vascular risk factors. Metabolic syndrome is a bundle of cardiometabolic risk factors characterized by obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. The study aimed to investigate the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its effect on the prognosis of patients with SHL. Methods: Ninety-three patients were divided into 2 groups those with metabolic syndrome (MS) and those without metabolic syndrome (non- MS). The effect of demographic and clinical characteristic parameters on the prognosis was investigated. Results: Of the 93 patients, 42 (45.16%) had MS and 51 (54.83%) did not. The non-MS ratio was significantly higher in patients with complete recovery. In contrast, the percentage of MS was higher in the non-recovery group, which was found to be statistically significant (P < .05). While there was a significant correlation between triglyceride level, low High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), MS, and recovery, only regression analysis showed that low HDL was significantly associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Although the MS ratio affects recovery rates, no significant effects were found on prognosis. Low HDL alone was considered a poor prognostic factor.