Deferoxamine Accelerates Mandibular Condylar Neck Fracture Early Bone Healing by Promoting Type H Vessel Proliferation

BackgroundCondylar fractures (CFs) are a common type of maxillofacial trauma, especially in adolescents. Conservative treatment of CF avoids the possible complications of surgical intervention, but prolongs the patient's suffering because of the requirement for extended intermaxillary fixation. Therefore, the development of a new strategy to accelerate the rate of fracture healing to shorten the period of conservative treatment is of great clinical importance.ObjectiveTo investigate the potential of deferoxamine (DFO) in promoting the healing process of CF in adolescent mice.MethodsThirty-two 4-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to four groups: vehicle + sham group, vehicle + CF group, DFO + sham group and DFO + CF group. After constructing the mandibular CF model, mandibular tissue samples were collected respectively at 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were employed to assess bone tissue healing and vascular formation.ResultsDeferoxamine was observed to promote the early bone healing of fracture, both radiologically and histomorphometrically. Furthermore, this enhancement of condylar neck fracture healing was attributed to the upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) signalling pathway while facilitating the formation of type H vessels. In addition, DFO did not produce significant effects on the condylar neck between vehicle + sham and DFO + sham group.ConclusionThe application of the HIF-1 alpha inducer DFO can enhance type H vessels expansion thereby accelerating condylar neck fracture healing. The application of the HIF-1 alpha inducer DFO can enhance type H vessels expansion thereby accelerating condylar neck fracture healing. These discoveries may offer a potential strategy for conservative treatment of condylar fractures.image