Diet and exercise in relation to lower extremity artery disease

被引:0
|
作者
Blinc, Ales [1 ,2 ]
Paraskevas, Kosmas I. [3 ]
Stanek, Agata [4 ]
Jawien, Arkadiusz [5 ]
Antignani, Pier Luigi [6 ]
Mansilha, Armando [7 ]
Mikhailidis, Dimitri P. [8 ,9 ]
Poredos, Pavel [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Med Ctr Ljubljana, Dept Vasc Dis, Ljubljana, Slovenia
[2] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Ljubljana, Slovenia
[3] Red Cross Hosp, Dept Vasc Surg, Athens, Greece
[4] Med Univ Silesia, Upper Silesian Med Ctr, Fac Hlth Sci Katowice, Dept Internal Med & Metab Dis, Katowice, Poland
[5] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Dept Vasc Surg & Angiol, L Rydygier Coll Med Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland
[6] Nuova Villa Claudia, Vasc Ctr, Rome, Italy
[7] Univ Porto, Hosp S Joao, Fac Med, Dept Angiol & Vasc Surg, Porto, Portugal
[8] Univ Coll London UCL, Univ Coll London, Dept Surg Biotechnol, Med Sch,Div Surg & Intervent Sci, London, England
[9] Univ Coll London UCL, Royal Free Hosp Campus, Dept Clin Biochem, London, England
关键词
Peripheral arterial disease; Lower extremity; Nutritional sciences; Mediterranean diet; Vegetarian diet; Vegan diet; LOW-CARBOHYDRATE DIETS; ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX; LOW-FAT DIET; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; GENERAL-POPULATION; FRAILTY SEVERITY; WALKING EXERCISE;
D O I
10.23736/S03929590.24.05310-0
中图分类号
R6 [外科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100210 ;
摘要
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeD) has been associated with a reduced incidence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)/lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) in observational trials and in a randomized trial. In secondary prevention, a lower hazard ratio for composite major adverse cardiovascular events has been associated with better adherence to MeD in a relatively small, randomized trial. This has not been confirmed in a sub-analysis of a large interventional trial of dual antithrombotic treatment. The effects of vegetarian, vegan or low carbohydrate/ketogenic diets on the incidence and outcomes of PAD/LEAD are not known. While abdominal obesity is associated with diabetes mellitus and PAD/LEAD, the lowest incidence of PAD/LEAD has been found in subjects with a body mass index 25-29.9 kg/m2. Malnutrition is a negative prognostic factor for survival of patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia. Physical activity (PA) is an acute stressor, but habitual recreational PA results in beneficial adaptations and improved health. In observational studies, lower levels of exercise and lower physical fitness have been associated with more prevalent PAD/LEAD. In contrast to coronary artery disease, that shows a reverse J-shaped relationship between long-term endurance exercise and coronary atherosclerosis, such a relationship is not known for PAD/LEAD. A general recommendation for maintaining cardiovascular health is performing regular moderate-intensity exercise with some vigorous- intensity aerobic PA, and resistance exercise at least twice a week. Combinations of healthy behaviors are more effective in preventing PAD/LEAD than a single behavioral component. In treatment of PAD/LEAD causing intermittent claudication, supervised walking training is recommended among measures of first-line treatment, while unsupervised walking training should be considered as an alternative.
引用
收藏
页码:458 / 467
页数:10
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