Modern Energy Sources for Sustainable Buildings: Innovations and Energy Efficiency in Green Construction

Faced with increasing challenges related to energy efficiency and sustainable development, green buildings play a pivotal role in reducing energy consumption and lowering carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This article reviews modern energy sources, including renewable systems such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy, and their applications in green construction. This literature review synthesizes the latest research and trends, focusing on the efficiency and reliability of these technologies. Furthermore, this study examines innovative energy management methods, such as smart grids (SGs) and energy storage solutions (ESSs), that support the development of sustainable buildings. The findings highlight the significant potential of modern energy sources to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impacts. Additionally, this study addresses the challenges associated with implementing these technologies and the necessity of integrating renewable solutions into large-scale energy management systems. The final conclusions emphasize future directions in green construction, underscoring the importance of innovation and cross-sector collaboration to achieve a sustainable future.