The transition to a Green Economy signifies a profound shift in global economic practices, focusing on balancing economic growth, environmental preservation, and social equity. Green finance and sustainability, central to this process, show a varied spectrum in their effectiveness in achieving sustainable environmental goals. Ecological innovation emerges as a key pillar, linking economic complexity with innovation to promote a greener economy. Digitalization, despite its benefits in efficiency and support for sustainable practices, faces challenges such as increased energy consumption and electronic waste generation. Adapting to extreme climate events is crucial, with business strategies focused on resilience and adaptation. Recent studies highlight the importance of a proactive and adaptable approach to ensure business sustainability, emphasizing the need to integrate sustainable practices into businesses. In conclusion, the Green Economy represents an integral approach to sustainable development, balancing economic growth with sustainability and social equity.