Insights into Age-Related Macular Degeneration Detection: A Comprehensive Review of OCT Image Analysis

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are eye disorders that affect the macula, the center of the retina, and can harm an elderly person's vision. The severity of these conditions can require immediate eye care, and each case requires a different treatment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method for evaluating AMD diagnosis. The early treatment depends on the correct finding of wet and dry AMD. This paper deliberates state-of-the-art methods for automatic and faster classification of wet and dry AMD with deep convolutional neural networks, evaluating their performance results for AMD diagnosis and grading. The main objective of this research is to investigate and evaluate computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) methods for diagnosing and rating AMDs.