Beyond borders: exemplary culturally diverse policy practices within early childhood teacher education

The United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) exhibit significant cultural and linguistic diversity. Research conducted in Europe and the US highlights how diversity creates complex teaching environments, often leaving educators insufficiently prepared. Consequently, teacher education has become a paramount area of focus but remains under-investigated within diversity-related contexts. This study analyzes early childhood education (ECE) teacher preparation in the US and UK to evaluate prospects for culturally responsive teaching. Using document analysis, ECE teacher education programs across 18 universities were examined, focusing on diversity in course titles, objectives, and content along with practical strategies for teaching in multicultural environments. Findings showed that, while diversity and inclusion were highlighted in module titles and policy frameworks, practical application often prioritized special education over cultural diversity. Modules specifically addressing migration-related issues were limited, and despite an emphasis on family and community engagement, gaps persisted in preparing teachers to support cultural diversity. Practical teaching experiences in diverse settings were identified as essential for developing culturally responsive practices. It is recommended that integrating comprehensive, mandatory modules on multicultural and multilingual education, alongside practical components, to better equip educators for diverse ECE environments.