Parental Consanguinity and Family History in Relation to Psoriasis and the Role of Sex: A Case-Control Study

Background: Recent advancements in cellular therapies, particularly chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) and T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies have significantly altered the therapeutic landscape for multiple myeloma. There are two US FDA approved CAR-T products targeting BCMA available for commercial use at this time. Though these innovative therapies have demonstrated considerable efficacy in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma patients, many challenges remain, including accessibility, potential toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity and development of resistance through targeted antigen loss and T-cell exhaustion and various other mechanisms. CRISPR edited allogeneic CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, and structural makeover of autologous CART with safety switches are being studied to address current limitations in cellular therapy. Additionally, newer target antigens such as GPRC5D, FcRH5, armored CAR-T cells that resist immunosuppressive cytokines such as TGF-beta are being investigated. Summary: This review summarizes safety and efficacy of currently available CART, discusses challenges with these therapies, and ongoing research efforts aimed at addressing resistance, mitigate treatment-related toxicities,were associated with increased odds of having psoriasis. The observed association between parental consanguinity and psoriasis differed according to sex (pinteraction = 0.008), with parental consanguinity being associated with psoriasis among males (aOR: 5.96,95% CI: 2.39-14.82), but not among females (aOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.75-2.49). Conclusion: Psoriasis cases compared to controls were significantly more likely to report parental consanguinity and family history of psoriasis, with parental consanguinity being associated with psoriasis among males only.