Analyzing the image quality using a quantitative index for the robotic ultrasound probe maneuver system

This paper presents a quantitative index introduced, 'clarity,' which can address both the ultrasound probe's brightness and full contact states to indicate ultrasound image quality for the robotic ultrasound system. Furthermore, it evaluates its performance through an experiment, a comparative analysis, and a questionnaire. The index is calculated based on pixel statistics within the predefined region of interest. Experimental validation is conducted by implementing a robotic ultrasound system and performing experiments using two phantoms. Notably, the Results demonstrate the distinction of the visible difference in ultrasound images but also show that it is hard to classify the tiny difference. Additionally, a questionnaire was carried out to ask about the recognition of good image quality. The opinions are the same trends and patterns. The 53.4 clarity value was determined from the answers as the boundary between good and bad-quality images. The experiment results, and questionnaire findings suggest that the proposed clarity index could be a reliable tool for evaluating ultrasound image quality in robotic systems, offering insights for improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. This research provides a clear framework for assessing ultrasound image quality in robotic applications, paving the way for advancements in the efficacy and precision of ultrasound imaging techniques.