Comparison of two aponeurotic closure method in patients with midline laparotomy

Foundation: evisceration is an important postoperative complication and cause of reintervention in patients who undergo midline laparotomy. Objective: compare two aponeurotic closure method in patients with midline laparotomy. Methods: Prospective, descriptive study in patients with midline laparotomy, performed in the General Surgery Service of the Leopoldito Martinez General Teaching Hospital, between September 2019 and March 2023. The sample was obtained randomly and two groups were made up: A (Control: surgery with traditional closure and with a size of 113 patients) and B (Experimental: surgery with reinforced tension line closure and with a size of 119 patients). Results: The age range was 19-81 years and 19-86 years, in groups A and B respectively. In group A, the age group of 30-50 years represented 54.87% and 48.74% in group B. 62.83% and 68.91% of the patients were female, in group A and B, respectively. The associated disease, arterial hypertension, was identified in the 25.45% of patients in group A and 28.81% in group B. Incisional surgical site infection occurred in 51.51% and 46.15% of patients in group A and B, respectively. Malnutrition was the most frequent risk factor, with 35.89% and 24.18% in group A and B, respectively. Eleven eviscerated patients were identified in group A and 2 in group B. Conclusions: closure of the aponeurosis, using the reinforced tension line method, is effective as prophylaxis for evisceration in patients with median laparotomy.