Palumoids A and B, Two New Dimeric Phenylpropanoids With Anti-gouty Activity From Erythropalum scandens Blume

Erythropalum scandens Blume is widely utilized as both a functional vegetable and herbal medicine in southern China, however, its bioactive components have yet to be fully identified. In this study, two new phenylpropanoid dimers palumoids A (1) and B (2) with distinct coupling manners were identified from the plant. Biologically, these phenylpropanoids showed superior inhibition of interleukin-1 beta release in monosodium urate-stimulated THP-1 cells compared to the positive drug colchicine. Notably, compound 2, featuring a pyran ring linkage between the two phenylpropanoid monomers, exhibited stronger activity than 1. Further mechanistic studies revealed that compound 2 acts as an NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor by specifically blocking the activation of NLRP3, interfering with the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex.