The Role of Osteocalcin in Patients with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review

Background: Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disease worldwide. We aimed to review the latest studies related to osteocalcin and osteoporosis to clarify this relationship more precisely. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to review studies on the effects of osteocalcin on osteoporosis, on studied published between January 2013 and January 2023. We systematically reviewed Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results: The search yielded 4903 records, including 1063 from PubMed, 2307 from Scopus, 1084 from Web of Science, 408 from ProQuest, and 41 from Google Scholar, and twelve articles were included for data extraction and quality assessment. A significant increase in the serum level of osteocalcin was observed in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (P<0.05), and there was a negative correlation between bone mineral density and the serum level of osteocalcin. Conclusion: Osteocalcin could be a promising marker for the diagnosis and screening of patients with osteoporosis.