(Removal of Malachite Green Dye with Combination of Adsorption and Degradation by Laccase Immobilized in Silica Microparticles)

The current study aimed to enhance dye decolorization by integrating adsorption and enzymatic degradation processes using laccase immobilized in silica microparticles. In-situ immobilization of laccase was achieved via solgel technique through two-step (acid-base catalyst) methods, employing hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the precursor. Various parameters, including pH, temperature, dosage loading, and reaction time, were meticulously examined to optimize the process. The findings revealed that combination of immobilized laccase significantly improved the decolorization of malachite green dye by over 20% compared to single adsorption using silica alone. The highest decolorization efficiency of 94.21% was attained through the synergistic effect of adsorption and enzymatic degradation facilitated by immobilized laccase in silica. This immobilization not only enhanced the enzymes' stability but also made the decolorization process more efficient. The study underscores the potential of silica-immobilized laccase as a powerful decolorizing agent, which could also be applied to the degradation of other contaminants in wastewater. This innovative approach highlights the advantages of combining adsorption with enzymatic degradation, offering a promising solution for treating dye-laden industrial effluents. The enhanced stability and efficiency of the immobilized enzyme demonstrates a significant advancement in the field of bioremediation, paving the way for more effective and eco-friendly methods to address water pollution.