Towards Better Representations for Multi-Label Text Classification with Multi-granularity Information

Multi-label text classification (MLTC) aims to assign multiple labels to a given text. Previous works have focused on text representation learning and label correlations modeling using pre-trained language models (PLMs). However, studies have shown that PLMs generate word frequency-oriented text representations, causing texts with different labels to be closely distributed in a narrow region, which is difficult to classify. To address this, we present a novel framework, CL(Contrastive Learning)MIL (Multi-granularity Information Learning), to refine the text representation for MLTC task. We first use contrastive learning to generate uniform initial text representation and incorporate label frequency implicitly. Then, we design a multi-task learning module to integrate multi-granularity (diverse text-labels correlations, label-label relations and label frequency) information into text representations, enhancing their discriminative ability. Experimental results demonstrate the complementarity of the modules in CL-MIL, improving the quality of text representations, and yielding stable and competitive improvements for MLTC.