Evaluation of gender-based challenges during natural disasters in the central region of Afghanistan; A case study of Parwan Province

Gender-based challenges faced during natural disasters in Parwan Province, Central Afghanistan, are a critical issue that requires urgent attention in disaster management. This study aims to assess these challenges by utilizing a mixed-method approach with focus on social, and economic difficulties during natural disasters in Parwan Province. A total of 384 respondents were selected from a population of 751,040 using Morgan formula (95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error). Data collection included a validated questionnaire administrated through random sampling, and interviews with 20 respondents from the community members, local experts and academics using purposive sampling. The analysis revealed interesting associations between respondents' demographic information and social and economic challenges related to gender during disasters. These findings emphasize the significance of inclusive planning, gender-sensitive risk assessment, and women's active involvement in decision-making processes to address the challenges faced during disasters. This article advocates gender-specific regulations and its empowerment in disaster management and decision making. Ultimately, the insights presented serve as a strong call to action for the implementation of gender-responsive strategies aimed at reducing the challenges encountered by women and promoting the development of inclusive and resilient communities in the face of disasters.