Whole-genome sequencing confirms multiple species of Galapagos giant tortoises

被引:1
|
作者
Gaughran, Stephen J. [1 ]
Gray, Rachel [2 ]
Ochoa, Alexander [3 ]
Jones, Menna [4 ]
Fusco, Nicole [3 ,5 ]
Miller, Joshua M. [6 ]
Poulakakis, Nikos [7 ,8 ,9 ]
de Queiroz, Kevin [10 ]
Caccone, Adalgisa [3 ]
Jensen, Evelyn L. [2 ]
机构
[1] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[2] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England
[3] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA
[4] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford, England
[5] Univ Connecticut Stamford, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Stamford, CT USA
[6] MacEwan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[7] Univ Crete, Sch Sci & Engn, Dept Biol, Iraklion, Greece
[8] Univ Crete, Sch Sci & Engn, Nat Hist Museum Crete, Iraklion, Greece
[9] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Iraklion, Greece
[10] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Galapagos giant tortoise; species; taxonomy; multispecies coalescent; genomics; DIVERSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; ORIGIN; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; COLONIZATION; DIVERGENCE; DISPERSAL; DIVERSITY; EXTINCT;
D O I
10.1093/evolut/qpae164
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Galapagos giant tortoises are endemic to the Galapagos Archipelago, where they are found in isolated populations. While these populations are widely considered distinguishable in morphology, behavior, and genetics, the recent divergence of these taxa has made their status as species controversial. Here, we apply multispecies coalescent methods for species delimitation to whole-genome resequencing data from 38 tortoises across all 13 extant taxa to assess support for delimiting these taxa as species. In contrast to previous studies based solely on divergence time, we find strong evidence to reject the hypothesis that all Galapagos giant tortoises belong to a single species. Instead, a conservative interpretation of model-based and divergence-based results indicates that these taxa form a species complex consisting of a minimum of 9 species, with most analyses supporting 13 species. There is mixed support for the species status of taxa living on the same island, with some methods suggesting multiple populations of a single species per island. These results make clear that Galapagos giant tortoise taxa represent different stages in the process of speciation, with some taxa further along in that evolutionary process than others. Our study provides insight into the complex process of speciation on islands, which is urgently needed given the threatened status of island species around the world. Las tortugas gigantes de las Gal & aacute;pagos son end & eacute;micas del Archipi & eacute;lago de Gal & aacute;pagos, donde se encuentran como poblaciones aisladas. Aunque estas poblaciones se consideran distinguibles en cuanto a morfolog & iacute;a, comportamiento y gen & eacute;tica, la divergencia reciente de estos taxones hace que su estatus como especies sea controvertido. Aqu & iacute; aplicamos m & eacute;todos de coalescencia de especies m & uacute;ltiples con datos de resecuenciaci & oacute;n de genomas completos de 38 tortugas de los 13 taxones existentes para evaluar el sustento de la delimitaci & oacute;n de estos taxones como especies. En contraste con estudios previos basados & uacute;nicamente en el tiempo de divergencia, encontramos evidencia s & oacute;lida para rechazar la hip & oacute;tesis de que todas las tortugas gigantes de las Gal & aacute;pagos pertenecen a una sola especie. En cambio, una interpretaci & oacute;n conservadora de los resultados basados en modelos y divergencia indica que estos taxones forman un complejo de especies que consiste de un m & iacute;nimo de 9 especies, con la mayor & iacute;a de los an & aacute;lisis respaldando la existencia de 13 especies. Hay sustento mixto para designar como especies a los taxones que habitan la misma isla, con algunos m & eacute;todos sugiriendo la existencia de poblaciones m & uacute;ltiples de una sola especie por isla. Estos resultados dejan en claro que los taxones de tortugas gigantes de las Gal & aacute;pagos representan diferentes etapas del proceso de especiaci & oacute;n, con algunos taxones m & aacute;s avanzados en ese proceso evolutivo que otros. Nuestro estudio ofrece una perspectiva sobre el complejo proceso de especiaci & oacute;n en islas, la cual es urgentemente necesaria dado lo amenazadas que se encuentran las especies insulares en todo el mundo.
引用
收藏
页码:296 / 308
页数:13
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