A review of airborne microorganism transmission and control in household indoor air

People spend the majority of their time indoors. Indoor airborne microorganisms, comprised of airborne particles containing fungi, bacteria, and virus present a significant concern in household environment due to their potential implications for indoor air quality and human health. This review synthesizes recent advancements in the fields of indoor air quality science, microbiology, and environmental engineering, providing insights into the sources, concentrations, transmission, influencing factors and control technology of indoor airborne microorganisms in residential environments. Factors such as occupant activities, pets, indoor temperature, humidity, and ventilation systems are critical in shaping the patterns and quantities of these microorganisms. (c) 2025 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.