Investigating the Factors Influencing Postoperative Dynamic Intestinal Obstruction Following Laparoscopic Colorectal Radical Surgery

AIM: Colorectal cancer (CRC) primarily arises from a combination of genetic, environmental, and dietary factors. Compared to traditional open surgery, minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery offers several advantages in managing CRC. This study investigates the factors influencing dynamic intestinal obstruction following laparoscopic colorectal radical surgery. METHODS: We collected clinical data from 218 CRC patients who underwent laparoscopic radical surgery at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China between January 2022 and December 2023. The patients were followed up for 30 days post-surgery, and those who developed dynamic intestinal obstruction were placed in the complication group, while those who did not were included in the control group. The quality of life for all patients was assessed using Quality of Life Score (QoL) measures. The incidence of postoperative dynamic intestinal obstruction was calculated. Baseline and clinical data were collected using a standardized patient data form, and risk factors for postoperative dynamic intestinal obstruction were analyzed. RESULTS: Postoperative evaluation revealed that 42 out of 218 patients developed dynamic intestinal obstruction, with an incidence rate of 19.27%. Univariate analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the complication and control groups in terms of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), education level, Quality of Life Score tumor location, degree of differentiation, tumor diameter, surgery duration, presence of hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia (HLP), smoking or alcoholism history, or postoperative abdominal infection (p > 0.05). Furthermore, factors such as tumor stage, preoperative hypoproteinemia, history of abdominal surgery, preoperative intestinal obstruction, and lymph node metastasis were identified as risk factors for postoperative dynamic intestinal obstruction. Logistic regression analysis further indicated that tumor stage, preoperative hypoproteinemia, history of abdominal surgery, preoperative intestinal obstruction, and presence of lymph node metastasis were all independent risk factors for dynamic intestinal obstruction after surgery (Odds Ratio (OR) >1, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic intestinal obstruction following laparoscopic radical surgery for CRC is significantly correlated with factors such as tumor stage, preoperative hypoproteinemia, history of abdominal surgery, preoperative intestinal obstruction, and lymph node metastasis.