Advancements in microfluidic platforms for rapid biomarker diagnostics of infectious diseases

Infectious diseases, caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi, continue to present a significant global threat. The need for accurate and sensitive detection techniques is underscored by the widespread impact of these diseases. Microfluidics, with its capacity to manipulate minute volumes of fluids within microscale channels, has facilitated the rapid development of sensitive assays for detecting disease biomarkers. This review focuses on recent advancements in microfluidics-based detection of infectious disease biomarkers, elucidating the critical role played by microfluidic techniques. The various configurations of microfluidic platforms discussed include Continuous-Flow Microfluidics, Droplet-Based Microfluidics, Digital Microfluidic, Paper-based Microfluidic, Centrifugal Microfluidics, Optofluidic, and Magnetofluidics. The article explores the advantages of microfluidics-based diagnostics, emphasizing attributes, such as reduced sample volume, swift analysis time, and enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, the challenges impeding the widespread adoption of microfluidics-based diagnostics in clinical settings are highlighted, providing insights into areas that require attention and innovation. In summary, this article underscores the potential of micro- fluidics technology to revolutionize healthcare by enabling early detection and personalized medicine in infectious disease diagnosis. The exploration of recent advancements and challenges aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding the integration of microfluidics into clinical practice.