Sustainable Strategies for Fresh Mangosteen: Adapting to Climate Challenges

Climate change presents significant challenges to cultivating mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), a tropical fruit celebrated for its unique flavor and numerous health benefits. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of contemporary strategies designed to enhance mangosteen's resilience and economic value in the face of increasing climate variability. The analysis focuses on four key areas: the development of climate-resilient varieties, the implementation of advanced agricultural practices, innovations in post-harvest management, and adaptive market strategies. Efforts to breed climate-resilient mangosteen varieties through genetic improvements are central to addressing the challenges posed by rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events. Precision agriculture is highlighted as a crucial tool for optimizing resource use, minimizing environmental impact, and increasing yield under unpredictable conditions. Additionally, innovative post-harvest techniques such as improved storage, packaging, and transportation methods are essential to preserving fruit quality and extending shelf life, particularly as climate volatility increases the risk of spoilage. The review also addresses the need for adaptive market strategies, emphasizing the importance of aligning production with shifting consumer preferences and evolving market demand for sustainably produced and climate-resilient fruits. These approaches collectively offer a strategic roadmap to bolster the sustainability of mangosteen production, thereby supporting the livelihoods of smallholder farmers who depend on this crop while maintaining the competitiveness of mangosteen in the global fruit market. This study ultimately underscores the urgency of developing integrative, science-driven solutions to ensure the long-term viability of mangosteen cultivation amidst the growing impacts of climate change.