Analysis of bulk wave propagation of fluid-conveying FG biocomposite tubes

Novel biomaterials like functionally graded (FG) bio-composite materials for use as constituent materials of artificial biodevices e.g., dental implants have lately attracted much attention because of their great potential and benefits in assuring biocompatibility and mechanical properties at the same time. In this research, the dispersion of elastic waves in FG bio-composite tube resting on Winkler-Pasternak substrate with consideration of the fluid flow effect is evaluated for the first time. Three common materials i.e., Gold alloy, Titanium, and Hydroxyapatite used in prosthetic implants are considered constituent materials of the studied structure. The modified Wakashima-Tsukamoto micromechanical model is implemented to determine the effective properties of FG bio-composite material. The tube structure is modeled based on first-order shear deformation theory and for examining the effect of fluid flow which is assumed to be fully developed, Newtonian and laminar, the Navier-Stokes equation is employed. At last, the obtained equations are analytically solved through a harmonic function and the effects of significant parameters including wave number, fluid flow velocity, inhomogeneity index, radius and length to thickness ratios, and Winkler and Pasternak parameters on wave dispersion behavior of FG bio-composite tube are assessed and discussed. The novelty of this work lies in the first-time evaluation of elastic wave dispersion in an FG bio-composite tube, considering fluid flow effects and resting on a Winkler-Pasternak substrate. The combination of advanced materials (Gold alloy, Titanium, Hydroxyapatite) with a modified micromechanical model and comprehensive analysis of wave behavior under various critical parameters brings a new dimension to the design of medical devices, particularly in improving the performance of prosthetic implants.