Analysis of entropy generation and heat transfer in a fully developed mixed convection flow of a viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid

The significance of addressing entropy generation and heat transfer in fluid flows has increased due to the enhanced optimisation of thermal systems, the advancement of energy efficiency, and the mitigation of irreversibilities in engineering applications. So, the goal of this study is to find the best way to reduce the amount of entropy that is created in a fully developed mixed convection flow of a viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid in a horizontal channel. A mathematical model is developed by incorporating viscous dissipation and a uniform magnetic field in the perpendicular direction of flow. Through the utilisation of suitable similarity variables, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) undergo a transformation into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The transformed ODEs are then solved numerically using the Chebyshev Spectral Collocation Method (CSCM). The influence of key physical parameters on the total entropy generation (Ns), Bejan number (Be), fluid-friction irreversibility (J), and magnetic field irreversibility (I) are analysed. The Brinkman number is crucial for increasing entropy creation through viscous dissipation, while the Hartmann number serves to control flow and reduce entropy.Furthermore, total entropy generation has diminished by 7%–8%, but the Bejan number has risen by 55% due to the increase in wall temperature ratio. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.