Measurement and health risks assessment of BTEX compounds exposure in beauty Lahijan City salons

被引:0
|
作者
Mohebbi, Mahtab [1 ]
Jafari, Ahmad Jonidi [1 ,2 ]
Gholami, Mitra [1 ,2 ]
Baghani, Abbas Norouzian [3 ]
Shahsavani, Abbas [4 ,5 ]
Kermani, Majid [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Tehran, Iran
[2] Iran Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Environm Hlth Technol, Tehran, Iran
[3] Lorestan Univ Med Sci, Environm Hlth Res Ctr, Khorramabad, Iran
[4] Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth & Safety, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Tehran, Iran
[5] Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Air Qual & Climate Change Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
来源
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | 2024年 / 14卷 / 01期
关键词
Volatile Organic compounds; BTEX; Beauty Salon; Risk Assessment; Lahijan; Iran; INDOOR AIR-QUALITY;
D O I
10.1038/s41598-024-74857-9
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The presence of BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene) compounds in beauty salons has raised concerns about potential health risks. This study aimed to measure the levels of BTEX compounds in the air of beauty salons in Lahijan, Iran and assess the associated health risks. Air samples were collected from 15 beauty salons, and the concentrations of BTEX compounds were measured according to 1501 NIOSH standard method. The results showed that the mean concentrations of benzene (20.62 mu g/m3), toluene (18.3 mu g/m3), ethylbenzene (38.36 mu g/m3), and O and P-xylene (27.35, 23.6 mu g/m3) were above the recommended levels. The indoor to outdoor ratios for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, O and P-xylene were 3.04, 2.36, 3.75, 4.89, and 6.54, respectively. Also, the toluene/benzene (T/B) ratio in indoor and outdoor was 20.9 and 2.68 respectively. Almost half of the technicians (49.12%) reported adverse health effects, including joint pain, itchy eyes and nose, and respiratory allergies. The IARC guideline suggests that there is a potential risk of cancer development for individuals in all salons with LCR values exceeding 10-6, but the HQ index values indicate no non-carcinogenic risk. The findings suggest that beauty salon workers and customers are at risk of developing health problems from exposure to BTEX compounds. Effective risk management strategies, such as proper ventilation, use of personal protective equipment, and substitution of harmful chemicals with safer alternatives, to minimize exposure and protect the health of salon workers and customers recommended.
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页数:10
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