Landmine Detection Using Electromagnetic Time Reversal-Based Methods: 2. Performance Analysis of TR-MUSIC

In this paper, a series of numerical simulations are conducted for various 2D and 3D configurations to demonstrate the performance of the Time Reversal MUltiple SIgnal Classification (TR-MUSIC) method. The results reveal the excellent performance of TR-MUSIC, taking into account the effects of noise, soil types (both homogeneous and layered), and their electrical parameters, as well as different types of targets (varying in number, size, shape, and location). Additionally, unlike other electromagnetic TR-based techniques, TR-MUSIC offers very high resolution (on the order of lambda $\lambda $/10 or higher) with a reasonable number of sensors, enabling the detection of multiple closely spaced targets. In TR-based methods, reflections from the object(s) or landmine(s) are crucial and are determined by the difference between the constitutive parameters (e.g., permittivity, permeability, and conductivity) of the landmine(s) and their surrounding medium. Therefore, TR-based approaches, similar to conventional GPR-based approaches, are suitable for detecting objects or landmines with significant differences in constitutive parameters compared to their immersion medium. This research primarily focuses on metallic objects or landmines. Comprehensive Review and Classification of EMTR Methods for Landmine Localization Exploration of Diverse Approaches for Landmine Localization via EMTR Implementation of Diverse EMTR-Based Approaches Using Various Numerical Techniques