Review on the protection properties of thermal protective clothing against hot liquids and steam

Professionals engaged in fire rescue and industrial production may face the danger of hot liquids and steam. They need to be equipped with specific thermal protective clothing (TPC) to ensure their safety. To evaluate how well TPC protects against hot liquids and steam, this paper reviewed the mechanism of hot liquids and steam, the factors affecting its protection, and measurement methods. Firstly, the characteristics of hot liquids and steam are analyzed from the perspective of heat transfer mode, and the importance of hot liquids and steam protection is emphasized. Secondly, the factors affecting protection performance of hot liquids and steam is reviewed base on relevant researches, focusing on the fundamental properties of fabrics, the air layer under clothing, the moisture factor, clothing factor and the environmental factor. Finally, the existing measurement methods for hot liquid and steam protection performance are summarized, and the deficiencies in the existing research has been discussed. At last, this paper looks forward to the development of the future research direction. This review provides reference ideas for protective measures against hot liquid and steam burns, and provides new ideas for the design and optimization of hot liquid and steam protective clothing. © The Author(s) 2024.