CO2 Mineralization Storage in Basalt (II): Storage Conditions, Site Selections and Challenges on Leizhou Peninsula, Guangdong Province, South China

CO2 mineralization storage in basaltis a new CCUS technique that enables the sequestration of CO2 in basaltic areas for carbon reduction. The Leizhou Peninsula in the Guangdong Province of South China boasts a vast area covered by basalt, exceeding 3 000 km2. The basaltic formations on the Leizhou Peninsula consist primarily of tholeiite and alkali olivine basalts, making it a promising candidate for CO2 mineralization storage. This paper analyzed the geological and hydrological conditions of the Leizhou Peninsular and pointed out that the Carbfix technology, which allows safe storage of CO2 without caprocks, is applicable to the area, However, the basalts in the peninsular are mostly shallowly buried, and only volcanic crater basalts and deeply buried Tertiary basalts might meet the minimum depth requirements of the Carbfix technology. Currently, Xuwun County′s Tianyang Quaternary caldera basalts and the Yongshi Farmland′s Tertiary basalts have been identified as potential pilot project sites. The geological and hydrological conditions at these two sites are reviewed, and favorable and unfavorable factors and potential for CO2 storage are analyzed. The primary challenges currently faced are to investigate the safety issues of large‐quantity water injection into the caldera basalts, and to detect the deep basal interface and lateral extension of the basalts. Additionally, the potential impacts of injected CO2 ‐ changed water on underground water resources need to be monitored and investigated. The article proposes to develop techniques of storing CO2 in shallower (e. g. 2 storage. These actions will benefit not only expanding the potential of basalt mineralization storage on the Leizhou Peninsula, but also contributing to the study of utilizing global submarine basaltic carbon storage resources. © 2025 China University of Geosciences. All rights reserved.