Generative Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Applications:Functions,Risks,and Controls

The application of generative artificial intelligence(GAI) in the judicial domain represents an innovative approach to achieving digital justice. GAI's functionalities are primarily exhibited in the enhancement of judicial efficiency, improving the accuracy and fairness of adjudications, promoting the uniform application of the law, and enhancing transparency and engagement in judicial processes. However, these advancements are accompanied by potential risks and challenges in technology, adjudication, and ethics. It is thus essential to strengthen privacy protection during the processing and transmission of data, ensure data security and confidentiality, and establish and refine clear legal norms regarding the roles, responsibilities, and legal obligations of GAI in judicial settings. In addition, ethical guidelines that delineate the behavioral boundaries and value orientations of GAI need to be formulated. Collectively, these elements can form a trinary model of technical controls, legal norms, and ethical constraints, to facilitate the modernization and intelligent development of the judicial system.