Effect of cold drawing on susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of prestressing steel

This paper compares the behaviour under aggressive environmental conditions of a prestressing steel in two forms (bar and wire) of different yield strengths, to investigate the influence of this material parameter on their susceptibility to hydrogen-assisted cracking in aqueous environments. Slow strain-rate tests using pre-cracked specimens were performed under various environment conditions. Different fatigue pre-cracking loads were used to analyse the influence of the stress state in the vicinity of the crack tip on the hydrogen-assisted cracking process. The results confirm the well-known fact that the highest-strength steel is the most susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. A model of hydrogen diffusion in metals - including the effects of both hydrogen concentration and hydrostatic stress distribution - is proposed to explain these results on the basis of the stress strain curve of the material. Consideration is given to compressive residual stresses induced in the vicinity of the crack tip during the fatigue pre-cracking process. The model is able to explain the different susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of the two steels.