Melting/refractories

The factors considered while melting metal at the required rate with an adequate superheat are discussed. The chemical and physical properties of charge materials effects melting and refining processes. Melt composition is modified by equipment operation and by the addition of inoculants and alloying elements. Duplex melting is used to minimize variations in composition and temperature of the liquid, to superheat and to carry out metallurgical manipulation. To increase refractory life and develop an adequate maintenance procedure, foundrymen are suggested to check slag chemistry for compatibility with the refractory lining selected, to check the furnace availability, maintenance peronnel qualifications and production process flexibility.