Factors affecting bentonite swell

The performance of sodium bentonite liner relies on its ability to swell when exposed to water. The low permeability of a soil/bentonite liner can only be achieved if the bentonite absorbs water and swells into the pores of the soil. The same swelling and water absorption properties are also required for sodium bentonite to effectively dewater industrial waste sludges. Bentonite grout will assume a lumpy, uneven consistency if the bentonite fails to swell and disperse in the mixing water.