Applications of closed loop water source heat pumps for space conditioning in commercial buildings

Closed-loop water source heat pumps are a popular choice for efficient space conditioning in many commercial buildings. The closed loop water source heat pump system and its operation is described along with system advantages and applications. Annual energy consumption and peak demand data are presented for 18 office buildings and 4 hotels. Analysis of the data shows that the office buildings average approximately 22-24 kWh/ft2 while the hotels average about 25 kWh/ft2. The demand data shows that the all electric buildings generally peak in the winter while those that have natural gas boilers for supplementary heat peak during the summer.