HYDRODYNAMICS, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DURING CRYSTAL GROWTH.

The processes of hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer serve as the links between crystal growth conditions, crystal structures and their properties. The purpose of this review is to give an account on investigations focussing on quantitative physico-mathematical models of processes under controlled conditions. In the first part the authors elucidate some new results of general nature related to hydrodynamics (chiefly liquid phase crystal-growing) under earth and reduced gravity conditions. The second part surveys of more special results related to definite crystal growth techniques. The emphasis is on studies related to horizontal and vertical Bridgeman and Czochralski growth and to some references related to other methods. A brief consideration of convection in crystal growth at low gravity is given at the end of this review.