Century of optimizing machining operations

Improvements in analytic approaches to optimization of machining operations by mathematical programming have continued to be more powerful and when coupled with the speed of modern computers can handle the very complex machining operations. The explicit recognition of uncertainty or variability in many of the parameters in machinery optimization problems has benefitted by the proper use of statistical theory and practical applications which has led to more realistic and real life solutions. The optimization studies of metal removal processes which happened in the 20th century are discussed.