Optimization analysis for influence of water quality monitoring station on booster chlorination in water distribution system

A coverage matrix and an optimal location model for monitoring stations were proposed by using the method of input/output model under multiple demand patterns in order to make water quality monitoring stations suitable for booster chlorination in water distribution systems. Four factors which were named number of monitors, number of boosters, coverage criterion of monitoring stations, coverage criterion of boosters, respectively, were discussed to maximize actual coverage ability of boosters and minimize actual relative standard deviation. Case study show that optimal monitoring sites can be found by the optimal location model for monitoring stations under some given number of monitors. Coverage criterion of monitoring stations must be no more than coverage criterion of boosters and the value can be appropriately between 0.5 and 0.7. Number of monitoring stations must be as more as possible under the constraint about construction cost of monitors. Number of booster stations must reach maximum value of coverage ratio, which should be less than 100%.If the forgoing conditions were all satisfied, actual relative standard deviation of the linear least-squares problem would reach minimum, and difference of actual relative standard deviation and nominal relative standard deviation would be small. The optimal location model for monitoring stations is suitable for booster chlorination problem, and can reduce total amount of calculation about the booster chlorination problem.