Parametric Analysis and Optimization of Notch and Slots Loaded Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

In this research paper, a compact rectangular microstrip antenna (MSA) loaded with notch and slots is designed and optimized to intensify the bandwidth of antenna with high figure of merit (FOM). A parametric investigation has been carried out to examine the effects caused by different length and width of slot and feed. The bandwidth of antenna is intensified from 5.79 (130) to 40.17% (940 MHz) by loading notch and slots while 40.17% to 49.06% (1170 MHz) by optimizing the parameters of patch and feed line. Both patch and feed line are optimized by considering its parameter as variable. Out of these parameters, only one parameter is varied at a time and rest kept constant to understand the effect on proposed antenna. The proposed optimized antenna resonates from 1.80 to 2.97 GHz at 1.92 GHz frequency with improved return loss of - 30.47 dB (manually optimized) and - 31.58 dB (PSO optimized). Thus, the optimized antenna (area = 1856 mm2) become more compact about 30.2% (factor of 0.698) compared to conventional antenna resonating at 1.92 GHz (area = 2660 mm2). The frequency range 1.80-2.97 GHz is convenient for simultaneously used of WLAN and WiMAX applications. The proposed geometry is verified with close agreement among simulated, measured and theoretical performances. A 50 Omega microstrip line feed is used to excite the suggested antenna. To analyze and simulate the proposed antenna design, IE3D simulation tool is used.