Three-dimension single photon quantum secure direct communication based on mutual authentication

The three-dimension Qutrit, unitary operation and non-orthogonal measurement basis were defined, and a novel quantum secure direct communication scheme based on three-dimension single photon and mutual authentication was proposed. The present scheme is composed of Qutrits sending and returning procedures, the users would make identity authentication with each other in order to ensure users' legality. The secret message is encoded on batches of Qutrits based on unitary operation, and is sent through the Qutrits returning procedure. Security analysis shows that this scheme can efficiently resist all kinds of eavesdropper Eve attacks and the impersonator attacks. The scheme inherits the advantages of the single photon protocols, practical and economic within the present technology. Comparing with those two-dimension single photon protocols, it shows more efficient with 1.5 times of the transmission efficiency.