Using of metasurface lens and particle swarm optimisation for enhancement of parameters of a pyramidal horn antenna

In this article, a lens is applied to reduce the horn antenna’s Side Lobe Level (SLL) based on controlling the phase and amplitude distribution of the electromagnetic fields over the aperture of the horn antenna in the X band (8−12 GHz) for radar applications. By locating the metasurface lens inside the standard X band pyramidal horn, the SLL is decreased by 4–15 dB in E-plane and 0.8–7 dB in H-plane. The measured results with metasurface lenses demonstrate the reduction of SLL over the entire bandwidth. Good agreement between measurement and simulation results shows the tapering of field distribution over the aperture of the horn antenna. ©, Engineers Australia.