Modeling and planning optimization of carbon capture load based on direct air capture

Direct air capture, an emerging technology, captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and has initiated global demonstrations, highlighting the need for comprehensive operational understanding and effective planning methods. To this end, the paper delves into an in-depth analysis of the operational traits of direct air capture and formulates strategic optimization methods. Firstly, this paper analyzes the operational characteristics of direct air capture, examines the operational mechanisms and energy flow interactions of absorption-based and adsorption-based direct air capture, and reviews the current status of engineering demonstrations of direct air capture technology, highlighting the current technological bottlenecks in project applications. Subsequently, the paper proposes a planning and optimization model for direct air capture loads, incorporating subsidy mechanisms, and develops a dual-layer optimization model aimed at minimizing investment and operational costs. Finally, the effectiveness of the modeling and planning methods proposed in this paper is validated through numerical analysis. Furthermore, the reduction potential of direct air capture is analyzed in conjunction with the theory of carbon emissions flow in the power system. This research aims to provide valuable insights and practical recommendations for the design and demonstration of direct air capture projects.