Research on Peer-to-peer Transaction Strategy of Cloud Energy Storage Based on Semi-distributed Structured Topology

With the growing demand for energy storage resources and the gradual development of peer-to-peer (P2P) technology, cloud energy storage (CES) is expected to become a new business form of user-side energy storage. Aiming at the problems of poor reliability and unbalanced load of centralized topology P2P transactions, poor scalability of fully distributed topology P2P transactions and overload of low bandwidth nodes, this paper proposed a P2P transaction framework for CES based on a semi-distributed structured topology, which closely coupled energy flow, information flow, and business flow to achieve user privacy protection while taking communication efficiency into account. On this basis, in order to solve the problem of difficulty in achieving global optimization under the hierarchical and multi-subject transaction framework, the cooperative game theory was introduced to construct a two-layer P2P two-stage transaction optimization model of CES operator-community-user. In the first stage, with the goal of maximizing the benefits of the cooperative alliance, a CES operator-community-user two-layer energy storage capacity sharing model was established based on the nested alternating direction multiplier method. In the second stage, a Nash bargaining model that considered the differences in the participation of entities and market factors was proposed, and a pricing mechanism for CES leasing fees was formulated to realize the distribution of benefits. Finally, simulations verified the feasibility and superiority of the proposed CES trading strategy and the fairness of the benefit distribution mechanism, providing a new perspective for the development of CES business. © 2022 Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering. All rights reserved.