A partially fluorinated polymer network enhances the Li-ion transference number of sulfolane-based highly concentrated electrolytes

Gelation of sulfolane-based highly concentrated electrolytes using a partially fluorinated polymer enhances the Li-ion transference number of the electrolytes because acidic protons surrounded by fluorine atoms in the polymer network trap anions, and the high Li+ transference number is effective in suppressing the concentration polarization in Li batteries. The side chains of partially fluorinated polymers trap anions and enhance the Li-ion transference number of gel electrolytes for lithium batteries, resulting in concentration polarization suppression in the batteries.