Feasibility of Hydrate-Based Carbon dioxide Sequestration in Arabian Sea Sediments

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is the key option to achieve the global net-zero emission targets. In this direction, gas hydrate-based CO2 sequestration in subsea sediments has gained significant attention due to its high storage capacity (---3.5 m3 of hydrate can store 1 tonne of CO2) and long-term stability. Most of the literature data presents the CO2 hydrate formation in deionized water or 3.5 wt% NaCl (saline water) and artificial sediments of silica sand. The understanding of the kinetics of hydrate formation in natural sediments and seawater remains crucial. Therefore, for further deployment of hydrate-based CCS, in this work, we investigate the CO2 hydrate formation kinetics in Arabian Sea sediments and seawater using pure CO2 and mixed CO2/N2 gas mixture. The experiments were performed in the presence and absence of biocompatible kinetic promoters (amino acids) at the operating pressure ranging from 3.0 to 7.0 MPa and --- 274.5 K temperature. This work offers important insights into the deployment of hydrate-based CCS in Arabian sea sediments.