Enhancing thermal management systems: a machine learning and metaheuristic approach for predicting thermophysical properties of nanofluids

In thermal engineering, predicting nanofluid thermophysical properties is essential for efficient cooling systems and improved heat transfer. Traditional methods often fall short in handling complex datasets. This study leverages machine learning ( ML ) and metaheuristic algorithms to predict key nanofluid properties, such as specific heat capacity ( SHC ) , thermal conductivity ( TC ) , and viscosity. By utilizing Artificial Neural Networks ( ANN ) , Support Vector Regression ( SVR ) , Gradient Boosting ( GB ) , and Linear Regression ( LR ) , alongside metaheuristic models like Differential Evolution ( DE ) and Particle Swarm Optimization ( PSO ) , we achieve superior prediction accuracy compared to traditional models. The integration of these computational techniques with empirical data demonstrates their effectiveness in capturing the complex dynamics of thermofluids. Our results validate the precision of ML and metaheuristic models in predicting nanofluid properties and underscore their potential as robust tools for researchers and practitioners in thermal engineering. This work paves the way for future exploration of ML algorithms in thermal management, marking a significant advancement in optimizing nanofluid applications in industry and research.