Coordinated Optimization Strategy of Electric Vehicle Cluster Participating in Energy and Frequency Regulation Markets Considering Battery Lifetime Degradation

For solving the problem that the additional battery loss caused by electric vehicle (EV) participating in the electricity markets will reduce the participation willingness and increase the range anxiety of EV users, the coordinated optimization strategy of electric vehicle cluster participating in energy and frequency regulation markets considering battery lifetime degradation is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the main factors of battery decay caused by battery discharging are studied, the battery cycle life degradation model considering the discharge depth and discharge period is established. Then, the linear constraints of EV scheduling power and frequency regulation capacity, and the linear constraints of discharge cycles are constructed, sequentiallythe coordinated optimization model of EV scheduling power and frequency regulation capacity is established with the market prices and the goal of maximizing EV cluster profits. Finally, study cases show that the proposed strategy can avoid irregular discharge behaviors of EV, such as frequent charge and discharge, deep discharge, and discharge with high energy, thus greatly reduce the battery degradation of EV participating in the electricity markets while ensuring users’ benefits, which is conducive to promoting EV participating in the V2G. © 2022, Electrical Technology Press Co. Ltd. All right reserved.