Synthesis of superconducting circular antennas placed on circular array using a particle swarm optimisation and the fullwave method

In this paper, synthesis of superconducting circular antennas mounted on circular array is designed by the combination of a method based on particle swarm and a full-wave method. Fullwave method is used for computing the resonant frequency, bandwidth, radiation pattern and the effciency of a perfectly superconducting, or an imperfectly conducting circular microstrip, which is printed on isotropic or uniaxial anisotropic substrate. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been used to obtain the minimum side lobe level (SLL) of circular array, by varying elements excitations and/or positions. Numerical results concerning the effect of the parameters of substrate and superconducting patch on the antenna performance are presented and discussed. It is found that superconducting circular antenna could give high effciency. Also, results show the effciency of PSO in producing desired radiation characteristics and are in good agreement with previously published data.