Long term treatment performance of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in mountain areas: Four case studies from the Czech Republic

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[1] Vymazal, Jan
[2] Březinová, Tereza
来源：
Vymazal, Jan | 1600年 / Elsevier B.V., Netherlands卷 / 71期
关键词：
Constructed wetlands - Horizontal subsurface flow - Mountainous area - Organics - Outflow concentrations - Removal efficiencies - Treatment efficiency - Treatment performance;
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摘要：
Four constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow situated 500m a.s.l. were surveyed in order to evaluate long-term treatment efficiency. The results revealed that treatment performance of all surveyed constructed wetlands is excellent for organics and suspended solids and varied between 88% and 94% for BOD5, 67% and 85% for COD and 74% and 96% for TSS. Removal of NH4+-N in CWs Zásada has improved over the time of operation and average treatment efficiency amounted to 53%. There was no difference between summer and winter NH4-N outflow concentrations. Average removal of TP amounted to 59% and the removal efficiency was very stable over the 18 years of operation. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
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