Tunnel boring machine (TBM) in coal mine and its intelligent key technology

The development of rock tunneling technology and equipment is directly related to the ability and safety of coal mine production.With the rapid development of comprehensive mechanized coal mining technology, the advancement speed of the mining face is getting faster, and the requirements for the speed of roadway drivage are getting higher.The boring technology in coal mine roadway drivage has experienced the drilling and blasting method and the comprehensive excavation method, and has now developed to the third stage of the TBM method.Traditional drilling and blasting methods and comprehensive excavation methods are restricted by technologies and construction techniques, and they are increasingly unable to meet the higher requirements of major projects for construction efficiency, safety, social benefits, economic benefits, etc.It is difficult to meet the balanced development of coal mining and roadway drivage.The full face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) achieves efficient rock breaking, continuous slagging, rapid support, ventilation, dust removal, and water supply and drainage synchronization.This paper analyzes the construction cases of domestic coal mines in recent years, and proposes some key technologies for the development of mining TBM.The TBM is designed for the special engineering geological conditions in coal mining, realizes the synchronization of excavation, anchor and transportation, and timely support, improves the adaptability to slope, surrounding rock, and small radius turning ability, integrates the directional rig technology of thousands of meters, and is necessary for exploration, and integrates the equipment, construction specifications and organization management organically.It is proposed that the key of process connection lies in "long distance exploration, fast drivage, robust support and efficient transportation".Also, the paper analyzes the characteristics of coal mine roadways, and puts forward the development direction of equipment serialization, modular design planning, and localization of key components.Relying on the big data analysis and cloud computing platform, in accordance with the principle of "based on perception, information fusion as the center, and intelligent tunneling as the goal", the TBM intelligent tunneling technology system is planned.TBM-Smart, the intelligent control software for tunneling, has been developed.The system architecture is divided into data acquisition layer, data analysis layer, and real-time decision-making layer, including seven functional modules.In addition, the paper analyzes the bottleneck and future development faced by the coal mining industry, and proposes the development of mining TBM in the direction of "mechanical substitution, automatic reduction of personnel, and intelligent excavation".New equipment and new construction methods can improve the efficiency and safety of rock roadway boring, and are of great significance for ensuring the normal development of coal mining and roadway drivage, forming a production system for the mining area as soon as possible, and ensuring stable and high production in the mine. © 2020, Editorial Office of Journal of China Coal Society. All right reserved.