Effects of a Vacuum Plasma Treatment to Nanostructured Calcium-Coated Titanium on the Adhesion and Proliferation of Osteoblast Cell

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of additional plasma treatment on the degree of osteoblast attachment for sandblasted and acid-etched (SLActive) titanium surfaces. A vacuum plasma equipment was used to ensure a uniform plasma treatment on the implant surface for biological activation. The study compared the microstructure, surface properties, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and contact angle of XPEEDActive and SLActive surfaces. In the cytotoxicity evaluation, both XPEEDActive and SLActive showed suitable cell viability compared to the control group. The study found that XPEEDActive surfaces exhibited improved cell attachment compared to SLActive surfaces, with filopodia observed to grow and spread more widely. Additionally, XPEEDActive had better surface wettability than SLActive, as measured by contact angle. In conclusion, the XPEEDActive surface treatment showed improvement compared to the existing SLActive treatment, with favorable surface properties for enhanced cell growth. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.