Based on comparative perspectives, it is of great value to clarify the evolution path, research framework and trends of green production research, and to form a technical path and multiple development model worthy of China's development. This study used Citespace and VOSviewer software to make a differential comparative analysis of the keywords and research hotspots of 1082 English literatures published by international scholars and 1513 English literatures and Chinese literatures published by Chinese scholars in Web of science and CNKI from 1985 to 2018, the results showed that: 1) From the clues of the volume of publications, the volume of papers published in international and Chinese green production research is increasing year by year, since 2008, the number of green papers research and the rising trend in China were significantly higher than those of international green production research. 2) From the perspective of high-frequency keywords, international green production research is mostly linked to industrial performance and sustainable development; China's green production research is mostly linked to lean production and cyclical low-carbon development. 3) From the research hotspots, the international green production research focuses on the environmental pollution substances, pollution control, behavior and governance subject diversification from a macro + micro perspective. China's green production research focuses on the development strategy, optimization of production methods, and integration of industry-environment-policy from a macro perspective. 4) From the perspective of high-frequency keyword clustering, both international and Chinese green production research can present focused topics based on the logical perspective of the individual-organization-society system. The themes of international green production research are individual green attitudes and behaviors, Industrial technology development and ecology symbiosis, green production and sustainable development, government supervision and policy guidance. China's green production research themes are individual green consumption, corporate management and auditing, green production and sustainable development, and environmental protection agencies and related regulations. Finally, this research proposes the future prospects of international and Chinese green production research, with a view to providing reference for green production practices. © 2020, Editorial Board of Journal of Systems Engineering Society of China. All right reserved.